1621. Urban VIII. 1623. _Emperors of Germany._ Rodolphus II. 1576. Matthias I., 1612. Ferdinand III. 1619. _France._ Henry IV., 1589. Louis XIII., 1610. _Spain & Portugal._ Philip III., 1507. Philip IV., 1620. _Denmark._ Christian IV. 1588. _Sweden._ Sigismund, 1592. Charles IX., 1606. Gustavus II. 1611. * * * * * CHARLES I. began his reign 27th March, 1625, beheaded 30th Jan. 1648. _Popes._ Urban VIII. 1623. Innocent X., 1644. _Emperors of Germany._ Ferdinand II. 1619. Ferdinand III. 1637. _France._ Louis XIII., 1610. Louis XIV., 1643. _Spain & Portugal._ Philip IV., 1620. _Portugal only._ John IV., 1640. _Denmark._ Christian IV. 1583. Frederic III. 1648. _Sweden._ Gustavus II. 1611. Christiana, 1633. * * * * * The Inter-regnum and Usurpation under OLIVER CROMWELL, from 30th Jan. 1648, to 29th May, 1660. _Popes._ Innocent X., 1644. Alexander VII., 1655.